The vibrant Purulia Chhau mask is more than a colorful artifact — it’s a living symbol of Bengal’s cultural heritage. Crafted with passion and precision, these masks are central to the Chhau dance tradition of Purulia, blending mythology, art, and storytelling into one dynamic form of expression. Let's take a closer look at this heritage art form rooted in the quaint Charida Mukhosh Gram, or "Mask Village".

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🏞️ The Origins of Purulia Chhau Mask

The Chhau dance mask of Purulia originates from the tribal and folk traditions of West Bengal. This masked martial dance, often performed during festivals like Chaitra Parab, combines dance with storytelling from epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. The masks, dramatic and exaggerated, are integral to the performance — they help the dancers embody gods, demons, and animals.

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🛖 Charida Mukhosh Gram – The Village of Masks

Nestled in the foothills of the Ajodhya Hills, Charida village in Purulia is the heart of Chhau mask making. Locally known as Charida Mukhosh Gram, this village is home to over 150 artisan families who have been perfecting this craft for generations. Walking through the village feels like entering a living museum of color and creativity.

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🛠️ The Craft of Purulia Chhau Mask

The Purulia mask making process is labor-intensive and deeply artistic. Traditionally made using clay, paper, mud, cloth, and natural colors, each mask takes several days to complete. The process includes:

1. Clay modeling of the base form

2. Layering with paper and cloth for strength

3. Drying and detailing the facial features

4. Painting and ornamentation with vibrant colors, feathers, beads, and mirrors

Every element represents the divine or demonic persona portrayed in the Chhau dance.

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📜 GI Tag – A Mark of Recognition

In 2018, the Purulia Chhau mask received the Geographical Indication (GI) tag, officially recognizing its cultural and regional uniqueness. This has helped bring attention to the artisans and preserve the Purulia Chhau mask heritage. It also ensures that the term is legally protected and tied to its origin.

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🎭 The Diversity of Chhau Mask Styles

While the structure remains largely uniform, Purulia Chhau mask styles differ based on the characters they represent:

• Godly masks – Representing Shiva, Durga, Rama, or Krishna

• Demonic masks – With wide eyes, sharp teeth, and fierce expressions

• Animal masks – Tigers, lions, and peacocks

• Royal and soldier masks – Used in scenes of war or kingship

Each style demands unique craftsmanship, colors, and emotion.

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🌍 Preserving a Timeless Art

The heritage of Purulia Chhau mask is under pressure from commercialization and lack of support. But thanks to government initiatives, GI recognition, and global interest in tribal arts, this unique cultural art form is being revived and sustained. Artisan fairs, workshops, and cultural tourism in Purulia Chhau mask village are also playing a big role in keeping the tradition alive.

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✨ Experience It Yourself

If you're a lover of heritage, folklore, or visual arts, a trip to Charida village is a must. Watching a Chhau dance performance with dancers wearing elaborate masks under the moonlit sky is an unforgettable cultural experience. You can also visit workshops to witness the craft of Purulia Chhau mask firsthand and even buy an authentic piece as a keepsake.